QEMU

This is a page about the qemu port by IngoReis and mcobit (forum thread here).

Documentation

Using the UI

Main

Assigning RAM to the machine

Click on the textfield next to "RAM in MB" and enter the amount of RAM in MegaBytes, that the machine should use. If you leave this field blank, the standard value of 128MB will be used.

Launch the machine

When you are happy with all options, you can click the "Launch" button to start the virtual machine.

Exit the UI

If you want to quit the gui, click on the "Cancel" button in the Main tab.

Files and directories

Please note that the paths must not contain spaces or qemu will not start. That is a problem, we don't have a solution for right now. Sorry.

Mounting HDD images

Click on the icon with the folder next to "HDD image..." to browse your filesystem. Navigate to the imagefile you want to load and select it by doubleclicking it or mark it with a single click and press "open". The help-button will provide some hints on how to do that as well. It is also possible to enter the fullpath including the imagename into the box directly. (e.g. /media/PATHTOYOURSD/qemuimages/freedos.qcow2)

Mounting CD/DVD images

Click on the icon with the folder next to "CDROM iso.." to browse your filesystem. Navigate to the iso (cdrom image) you want to load and select it by doubleclicking it or mark it with a single click and press "open". The help-button will provide some hints on how to do that as well. It is also possible to enter the fullpath including the isoname into the box directly. (e.g. /media/PATHTOYOURSD/qemuimages/freedos.iso)

Mounting Floppy images

Click on the icon with the folder next to "Floppy image" to browse your filesystem. Navigate to the image (floppy image) you want to load and select it by doubleclicking it or mark it with a single click and press "open". The help-button will provide some hints on how to do that as well. It is also possible to enter the fullpath including the isoname into the box directly. (e.g. /media/PATHTOYOURSD/qemuimages/freedos.img)

Mounting a shared folder from your filesystem

Click on the icon with the folder next to "Shared folder" to browse your filesystem. Navigate to the folder you want to load and select it by doubleclicking it or mark it with a single click and press "open". The help-button will provide some hints on how to do that as well. It is also possible to enter the fullpath including the isoname into the box directly. (e.g. /media/PATHTOYOURSD/shared) This folder will be mounted as a fat16 folder, what means, that it cannot be bigger as 512MB!

Image Tools

Creating HDD images using the UI

• On the "Image Tools" tab, type in the name of your image in the first textfield without a fileextension. (e.g. test-image)
• Type the desired size of the new image into the second textfield. The size is in MegaBytes. So for a 1GB image type 1024.
• Click on the "Create Image" button.

Your new image will be created in the following directory: appdata/qemu/images/

Other options

Video options

• Use Bochs vga card instead of Cirrus Logic

Simulate a standard VGA card with Bochs VBE extensions instead of the default Cirrus Logic GD5446 PCI VGA

• Fullscreen

Start the virtual machine in fullscreenmode rather than in a window. You can switch between the modes by pressing alt+ctrl+f.

Sound options

• Disable sound

Disable sound by selection this option. (Qemu doesn't support to disable the sound completely, but with this option you will choose a soundcard, that is not supported by most operating systems)

• Adlib card emulation

Emulate an additional Adlib synthesizer card.

CPU options

• 486 CPU instead of pentium

Check this option, if you want qemu to emulate a 486 PC instead of the default pentium PC.

Network options

• Disable Network

Check this, if you do not want qemu to emulate a networkcard.

Recommend Drivers

• Cirrus Logic GD5446 Win95(win95 only) Driver(This Driver is the best i found in Web)

http://www.treiberupdate.de/treiber-download/z-dltreiber/download_treiber_2099999.php?load=152416&dlidday=4rtfd44sdwer5de&extern=0&vendor=Cirrus_Logic&sys=Windows95

• a better win9x Driver for Soundblaster

http://www.claunia.com/qemu/drivers/w9x_sb16.zip

• Univbe Driver Version 5.3a for Dos

ftp://cyberia.dnsalias.com/pub/filebase/freedos/sdd53a-d.zip

• Univbe Driver Version 6.7 for Dos

ftp://cyberia.dnsalias.com/pub/filebase/freedos/univbe67.exe

• Univbe is for Private Using free,here are the Reg Codes i have gotten from Wikipedia

http://forum.gp2x.de/download/file.php?id=1387

• here is the PCI BUS Driver for Win9x

http://downloadcenter.intel.com/confirm.aspx?httpDown=http://downloadmirror.intel.com/4241/a08/infinst_enu.exe&agr=&ProductID=816&DwnldId=4241&strOSs=&OSFullName=&lang=eng

• here is a not tested 1 File automatic installation Driver for MSDOS generic CDROM Drives.

http://www.wollomatic.de/download/ptsdos/fxide158.exe

Installing an OS into an image

Creating HDD images using your Desktop PC (Linux)

qemu-img create -f qcow2 win98.img 2G 

The above command creates a 2G qcow2 image called win98.img in your directory

Creating HDD images using your Desktop PC (Windows)

• Download Qemu Manager 7 for Windows.

• Install into Windows and run Qemu Manager as Admin.

• go to the Option Qemu Version Management and install Qemu 0.14.1

(You must do this,otherwise QemuManager will use Version0.11 by itself and this Version isnt Compatible)

• Now you can Use the "File/Create new Virtual Disk" Option

• Choose the max Image Size and i recommend the qcow2 Image Format.

Your new empty Image is now in your QemuManager Folder named "Images". It will be selectable when you create a new VM.

Installing Microsoft Windows NT

On your Desktop PC

• The -cpu pentium option is mandatory.
• For networking, use: -net nic,model=pcnet -net user
• At login: contrl+alt+2 to get the command window, then:

sendkey ctrl-alt-delete

Installing Microsoft Windows 95 on PC

• Start Qemu Manager
• In menu, select VM -> New Virtual Machine
• Name it what you like (eg "win95")
• Ensure next two options are "Default VM Store" and "Standard x86/x64 PC"
• Set Operating System to Windows 95
• Important: Change Qemu version to 0.14.1
• Click Next
• Set RAM to 128MB (this is the max Qemu can use on Pandora)
• If you have already created a HDD image using the previous instructions on this page, select option to use an existing image and locate that file. Or,
• If you have not created a HDD image yet, select option to Create New. Set desired size and ensure Disk Image Type is Qcow2.
• Click Next
• Important: Ensure you change Virtual Machine Output to "QEMU Window".

You should now see your new VM in the main Qemu Manager window. Before you install the OS you need to do some basic setup. The Hardware tab should be selected by default. If not, click it. From here you change options by double clicking each item.

• Set Sound Card to "Soundblaster 16"
• Set Enable Networking to "No"
• Set Video Card to "Cirrus Logic GD5446"

Now for some performance tweaks.

• Click the "Advanced" tab.
• Set Disable HPET to "Yes"
• Set Disable ACPI Support to "Yes"

And finally, select the Win95 discs.

• Click the "Drives" tab.
• Set Floppy 0 to your (floppy) boot disk or disk image.
• Set CD ROM to your CD or ISO.

You should now be ready to start your install. Click the green "Play" button to launch the VM, and Windows Setup should start. At the end of the install process, Windows Setup will tell you to remove any disks. Go back to the Qemu Manager window "Drives" tab and clear both of your selections. Now allow Windows Setup to reboot the machine.

The following notes were added to this section but do not seem to apply to all installs. They could use some clarification and possibly less shouting.

• (THE MSDOS CDROM DRIVER HANGS A LITTLE BUT AFTER 1-2MINUTES WILL IT LOAD FINE)
• Setup Should start well(when it hangs in installation Progress,theres a alternativly way to install Win95/98)
• AFTER INTALLATION CHANGE IN HARDWAREMANAGER THE PLUG&PLAY BIOS MANUALY TO PCI-BUS. (HARDWARE AUTODETECTION WILL NOT WORK FULL THEN YOU MUST MAKE THIS AFTER INSTALLATION)

Happy installing/experimenting :)

Installing Microsoft Windows 98

On your Linux PC

• First have qemu/kvm installed (apt-get install kvm)

mkdir ~/qemu-img

qemu-img create -f qcow2 ~/win98.img 2G

• Now to run the VM; (remember to use pc-0.14 and not higher, install would always crash on 0.15)

kvm -M pc-0.14 -cpu pentium -no-kvm -no-acpi -no-hpet -m 128 -hda win98.img -cdrom Win98_SE.iso -boot d -soundhw sb16 -usb -usbdevice tablet -vga cirrus -net none

This starts a qemu 0.15 VM that boots off the CD and uses the qcow file you just created.

• First install run;

Boot off the CD Select option 2 - Start computer with CD-ROM support fdisk (say yes to large disk support, create primary partition and set it bootable) you'll need to reboot now

• Run the above kvm command again for second run;

again boot off CD and into DOS prompt with CDROM support cd d:\win98 format c: setup.exe

• install windows as usual

On your Desktop PC

• start Qemu Manager

• create new VM

• Name it what you like(example win98)

• Choose x86PC , Operating system Windows98 and very very Important

choose Qemu Version 0.14.1 the standart 0.11.1 will not work

• select Ram 128MB(the max what Pandora Qemu can use)

and choose the size of your Harddisk

• Virtual Machine Output is important to set it to "QemuWindow"(not QemuManager)

• now you should use this Hardware Settings:

Soundcard=Yes

SoundHW=Soundblaster16

Networking=none (the Networking is not testet now with Win98,but it could work)

VideoCard=Cirrus GD5446

USBSupport=Yes

USBDevices=add USB Tablet with the + Symbol(this is for Pandora Touchscreen support)

• and under the Menu Advanced some Performance Tweaks:

Disable Hpet=YES

Disable ACPI Support=YES

• NOW WE CAN INSTALL WIN98 or WIN98SE:

• Switch to Drives and Choose as CDROM your CDROM Drive or your own Win98Iso

• start Qemu with the green Play Button

• start from CDROM and start install

(THE MSDOS CDROM DRIVER HANGS A LITTLE BUT AFTER 1-2MINUTES WILL IT LOAD FINE)

• THE TOUCHSCREEN SUPPORT WILL ONLY WORK WHEN YOU AFTER INTALLATION CHANGE IN HARDWAREMANAGER THE PLUG&PLAY BIOS MANUALY TO PCI-BUS.

• (HARDWARE AUTODETECTION WILL NOT WORK FULL THEN YOU MUST MAKE THIS AFTER INSTALLATION)

• Happy installing/experimenting :)

Alternative Way to install Win95/98

On the PC

• Break the installation progress with F3 and you will be in MSDOS

• switch to a: and make your HD Image bootable with

sys c:

• switch to HDD and make a setup Directory with

md c:\setup

cd c:\setup

• now switch to your CD Drive

d:

cd win95 (or when you want to install win98,then "cd win98")

• and copy your Setup Files to your HDDImage

copy . c:.

• your setup Files should now copy to c:\setup

• after this boot your HDD Image without Floppy Image and without your Windows Iso. With 98 you can also boot from the cd, just starting the computer, not the installation.

• you must be now in Dos and for 95, you must type

cd setup

xmsmmgr

setup

• For 98:

cd setup

xmsmmgr (may be already running)

install

• Now this is the Way who must install Windows perfectly

• happy experimenting/installing

On the Pandora

• same like PC

another Way to install Windows 98

I really recommend doing this on a PC because it takes a long time on the Pandora.

On the PC

Note: I did this with the German Windows 98 SE CD (untouched). I am not sure if all the translations are correct so please do correct them if a menu item etc. has a different name in the English version. I used Windows 7 and Qemu-1.2.0-rc0 as a host system. QEMU Manager is outdated

0 Preparation

• after creating a harddrive image start qemu with the command "qemu-system-i386w.exe -hda w98.img -cdrom Windows_98_SE.iso -boot d -soundhw sb16,adlib -L Bios -usb -usbdevice tablet" where w98.img is the name of your HDD image and Windows_98_SE.iso your CD image
• you should now get an error about your harddrive not having a partition so lets create one. Enter "fdisk"
• enable large disk support, then press 1 (create DOS Partition) -> 1 (Primary Partition) -> Y (use maximum available space) -> ESC and reboot your VM
• after the reboot press ESC when the setup is asking you to check your drive (the VM will hang because the drive is not formated yet)
• enter "format c:" to format your drive

(optional but recommended) copy the setup files to your newly formated drive and install from there. This will save you a lot of trouble later:

• make a new folder with "mkdir C:\SETUP"
• copy the files with "xcopy R:\WIN98\*.* C:\SETUP\*.* /E /S" (you need to be in a: otherwise xcopy might not be found)

1 Installation

• now start the installation. If you copied the files, start it with "C:\SETUP\SETUP.EXE", otherwise with "R:\WIN98\SETUP.EXE"
• I recommend using only 3 additional featues form the multimedia section "audiocompression", "videocompression" (some games need it) and "volume mixer". Uncheck the rest.
• The Installation should work without any problems. When you are finished, remove the "-boot d" option when starting the VM, also remove the ISO Image if you copied the setup files.

2 Configuration

• go to Control Panel -> System -> Device Manager and Click on "Plug&Play Bios" (there should be a yellow exclamation mark in front of it)
• go to install driver and use the "select device from list" Option -> click on "all models", select "PCI-Bus" and click on next. Restart the VM
• now a lot of new drivers should install, always select "automatic search" and disable all devices/directories in the list, the drivers are all on the CD or on your HDD if you copied the setup files
• after a view reboots all but the NIC should be installed (see 3 for that)
• go to the Device Manager, there should be two entries in the Graphics Card category. "Cirrus" and "Cirrus Logic 5446 PCI" (the last one with a yellow exclamation mark)
• deactivate "Cirrus Logic 5446 PCI" and reboot twice
• now only one Graphics Card entry should be there, the disabled "Cirrus Logic 5446 PCI", enable it again and reboot

there shouldn't be any more problems in the Device Manager except for the NIC

3 Additional Software There are a view things I installed on the system:

• NIC Driver: http://support.lenovo.com/en_US/detail.page?LegacyDocID=MIGR-54375 (it installs fine but I haven't tested it further)
• Unofficial Service Pack: http://www.nandlstadt.com/projekte/windows-98-se-service-pack.htm
• DirectX: http://www.fileplanet.com/55074/50000/fileinfo/DirectX-8.1b-for-Windows-98,-ME,-2K,-and-XP

4 Running Windows 98 on the Pandora

• copy over your HDD image to your SD Card, select it via QEMU and make sure to add "-usb -usbdevice tablet" in the "Other Options" line otherwise the touchscreen won't work
• Launch and have fun

On the Pandora

• same as on the PC, make sure to add "-usb -usbdevice tablet" in the "Other Options" line.

Installing Microsoft Windows XP

On your Desktop PC

same like Windows98 but not testet yet.

Troubleshooting

Known problems

We are working on them. If you have found a solution or can provide a patch, please pm mcobit at boards.openpandora.org

• Paths to image or isofiles as well, as imagenames specified in the "Image Tool" MUST NOT contain any whitespaces.
• EMS Memory under Dos is a little Tricky to get work but it work. You must use in Config.sys the Entry "EMM386 M9" and behind Himem.sys must stand nothing,only Himem.sys
• Shared Folders: don't use shared folders as an "active" source: write support for shared folders is buggy, so don't run applications/games from shared folder, just copy its content on the virtual systems drive. A lot of games have problems writing to the shared folder

• under Windows,when a Game set 320x240 the Screen will stretched,but work,then try another Resolutions.

What to do, if…

• Windows cannot find the mounted CD Image??

Solution=Install a MS-Dos CD-Rom Driver in your Image and let it load before Windows starting.

• EMS Memory isnt working??

Solution=It works when you have in Config.sys:

Device=Himem.sys

Device=Emm386.exe M9

(or Devicehigh=)

• A Game/or System breaks and you are in PanQemu Startwindow again??

Its a Fullscreen Bug from Qemu

(Qemu for Pandora cannot handle Resolutions over 640x480 in Fullscreen Mode)

Solution=use Qemu in Windowed Mode(not in Fullscreen)and switch to 640x480,

then you can press ctrl+alt+f to switch to Fullscreen again(works well).

Tipps, Tricks & Hints

General

• If you happen to miss the [alt] and [ctrl] keys, look between the nubs
• Sometimes it can be necessary to change a virtual disc or floppy, to achieve this
  • Press [ctrl] + [alt] + [2] to get to the command and monitoring console (of Qemu)
  • Locate the virtual drive you want to change the image for by typing "info block", usually the CD-Drive is named ide1-cd0 and Floppy-Drive is named floppy0
  • Eject the currently loaded image by entering "eject ide1-cd0" or "eject floppy0"
  • Load the new image into the virtual drive with "change ide1-cd0 /path/to/your/image/file" or "change floppy0 /path/to/your/image/file"
  • Press [ctrl] + [alt] + [1] to return to the standard output window

MS-DOS 6 and above / alike

• Keyboard
  • if you can't enter ":" try pressing [shift] (or [left shoulder button]) + [Fn] + [;] or
  • if you can't enter ":" and/or "\" one solution is to use the italien keyboard layout. just type "keyb it" on the commandline and press [enter] after that you can enter ":" with [Shift] + [.] and "\" with [Fn] + [H]
• CD-ROM Support
  • To use cd images as CD-ROMS under MS-DOS 6 and above you need to do the following
  • Get the Ms CD extension (mscdex.exe) from here
  • You need a CD-ROM driver, there are several available, one that is known to work is "oakcdrom.sys"
  • Copy the both on your virtual disk, the following bulletpoints assumes that you put them both into "c:\dos", if not change the pathnames according to your choice
  • Put the following line in your config.sys : "DEVICEHIGH= C:\DOS\OAKCDROM.SYS /D:MSCD001"
  • Put the following line in your autoexec.bat: "LH C:\DOS\MSCDEX.EXE /D:MSCD001 /L:E"
  • Some explanation to the above: the character string "MSCD001" is just id you can choose as you like, but it has to be identical in both files. The Parameter "L:E" associates the CD-ROM with the drive letter "E", this is optional.
• Mouse support
  • Mouse needs a driver under MS-DOS environments.
  • There are several around, a - memory wise - light alternative could be CuteMouse
  • There are several executable files in the archive you download (inside the bin folder). You need a file that begins with "ctm-", choose the file according to the language you prefer (e.g. "ctm-en.exe" who wan't it in english)
  • If you choose the english version and put it directly into the root of your main virtual drive, simply put the line "LH C:\ctm-en.exe" in your autoexec.bat to load it on startup.
• Two pane file manager
  • As using the commandline to move data from one point to another can be very cumbersome (at least if no xcopy is available) have a look at DOS Navigator an open source Norton Commander clone

Creating an ISO image with the pandora

You can use your Pandora to create an iso image of your original source if you can attach an external CD/DVD ROM drive via USB. Open a terminal and type "sudo dd if=/dev/scd0 of=/media/PATH_TO_YOUR_SD/cdimage.iso".

Premade Images

See http://pandorawiki.org/QEMU_Premade_Images

Compatibility Lists

http://pandorawiki.org/QEMU_Compatibility